Why do fathers not pass X-linked disorders to their sons?

Fathers do not pass X-linked disorders to their sons because of the way sex chromosomes are inherited during fertilization.

In humans, males have an XY chromosome pair, while females have an XX chromosome pair. During the formation of sperm, a male passes either an X chromosome or a Y chromosome to his offspring. When a father conceives a son, he contributes the Y chromosome, while the mother contributes an X chromosome.123

Because the mutation for an X-linked disorder is located on the X chromosome, a father cannot transmit it to his son, as he only passes his Y chromosome to male offspring. Instead, fathers transmit their X chromosome exclusively to their daughters. Consequently, while a father cannot pass an X-linked condition to his son, he can pass the carrier state to his daughters.1