Why can a warning call that reveals an animal’s location still benefit its relatives?

A warning call that reveals an animal’s location can benefit its relatives through a process known as kin selection. While the act of calling may endanger the individual by attracting a predator, it serves as an altruistic behavior that increases the survival chances of nearby kin who share the caller's genes.12

This behavior is explained by Hamilton’s rule, which states that such sacrifice is evolutionarily advantageous if the benefit to the recipients, weighted by their genetic relatedness to the caller, outweighs the cost to the caller. By warning relatives, the individual helps ensure that copies of its own genes are passed on to future generations, even if the caller itself does not survive. Essentially, the genes promoting this self-sacrificial behavior spread because they increase the overall inclusive fitness of the family group.32