Why can a total lunar eclipse last much longer than a total solar eclipse?

A total lunar eclipse can last significantly longer than a total solar eclipse because of the relative sizes of the shadows involved.

A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes through the umbra—the darkest part of Earth’s shadow. Because the diameter of Earth’s shadow at the Moon’s distance is much larger than the Moon itself, the Moon can remain within the umbra for up to an hour and three-quarters.1

In contrast, a total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon casts its shadow onto Earth. The Moon’s umbral cone is very narrow by the time it reaches Earth’s surface, resulting in a path of totality that is often only about 150 km (90 miles) wide. Furthermore, while the Moon and the Sun appear to be nearly the same angular size in the sky, the Moon is only slightly larger than the Sun in apparent size. Consequently, the Moon’s shadow sweeps across Earth’s surface relatively quickly, limiting the maximum duration of totality for a solar eclipse to approximately 7.5 minutes.231