Which oxidation states occur in titanium compounds?

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A periodic table element tile for titanium displays its atomic number 22, symbol Ti, atomic weight 47.867, electron configuration, and name. Icons indicate it is a solid, transition metal with a hexagonal crystal structure and equal relative strength. — titanium Properties of titanium.

In its chemical compounds, titanium exhibits oxidation states of +2, +3, and +4.1

Among these, the +4 oxidation state is the most stable. Examples of these states can be seen in its oxygen compounds:1

+2: Titanium monoxide (TiO)
+3: Dititanium trioxide (Ti₂O₃)
+4: Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

While the chemistry of titanium in the +2 state is relatively restricted, the element forms many compounds in the +3 state, such as the catalyst titanium trichloride (TiCl₃). Compounds in the +4 state are highly significant, with titanium dioxide serving as a widely used pigment and titanium tetrachloride (TiCl₄) playing a key role in the production of titanium metal.1