Britannica
Sources used in this answer
- Precambrian - Worldwide glaciations
- Gondwana
- A Journey Through Time Since the Precambrian - Permian Period: 298.9 million to 252.2 million years ago
- Permian Period - Occurrence and distribution of Permian deposits
- Precambrian - Glacial sediments
- Permian Period - Sea level
- Karoo System
- Permian Period - Basin sedimentation
Which modern regions had widespread glaciation during the Early Permian Epoch?
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Permian Period
Distribution of landmasses, mountainous regions, shallow seas, and deep ocean basins near the end of the Permian Period. Included in the paleogeographic reconstruction are the locations of the interval's subduction zones.
During the Early Permian Epoch, widespread glaciation occurred across regions that were located at high paleolatitudes within the supercontinent of Gondwana.
Geological evidence for this glaciation, primarily in the form of tillites (glacial deposits), is found in the following modern-day regions:
- Africa: Specifically in southern Africa, such as the Dwyka Series of the Karoo System, as well as in Namibia.123
- South America: Including the Paraná Basin of southern Brazil and the Precordillera Basin of western Argentina.3
- Asia: Peninsular India, southern Tibet, and southern Thailand.13
- Australia: Eastern and Western Australia.413
- Antarctica: Where glacial deposits are also present.1
Additionally, glacial deposits from the same period have been identified in the northern high paleolatitudes of northeastern Siberia. These distributions are consistent with paleogeographic reconstructions placing these areas in cold, high-latitude positions during the Permian Period.13