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Which metal ores can yield bismuth during smelting and refining?

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A labeled periodic table element box for bismuth shows atomic number 83, symbol Bi, atomic weight 208.9804, electron configuration, and properties including solid state, rhombohedral crystal structure, and weakly acidic oxides. — bismuth Properties of bismuth.

Commercial bismuth is produced primarily as a by-product during the smelting and refining of several metal ores. These include:

Lead ores1
Tin ores1
Copper ores1
Silver ores1
Gold ores1
Tungsten ores1

During the refining of lead bullion, bismuth is often recovered through processes such as the Betterton-Kroll process, which involves treating the molten metal with calcium and magnesium to form a bismuth-rich dross, or the Betts process, which utilizes electrolytic refining to recover bismuth from anode sludge. Similarly, in the electrolytic refining of copper, bismuth is recovered as a component of the anode sludge.21