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Which five major classes of steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol?
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Steroid
Many important physiological functions of vertebrates are controlled by steroid hormones.
All steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol. There are five principal classes of these hormones, which are synthesized by the adrenal cortex, the gonads, and the placenta:12
- Progestins: These hormones, such as progesterone, play a critical role in maintaining pregnancy.12
- Glucocorticoids: These hormones promote the synthesis of glucose and are known for their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties.12
- Mineralocorticoids: These hormones, such as aldosterone, are responsible for regulating ion and water-salt balances in the body.12
- Estrogens: These hormones promote the development of female sex characteristics.12
- Androgens: These hormones, such as testosterone, promote the development of male sex characteristics and have anabolic functions.12