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Which biological fluids were used as early culture media for animal cells?

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Tissue culture often requires sterile working conditions and thus is typically performed in a laminar flow cabinet (or tissue culture hood), which circulates filtered air to reduce the risk of culture contamination.
tissue culture Tissue culture often requires sterile working conditions and thus is typically performed in a laminar flow cabinet (or tissue culture hood), which circulates filtered air to reduce the risk of culture contamination.

Early researchers in tissue culture utilized several biological fluids to support the growth of animal cells. Following the initial success of using clotted lymph to grow frog nerve cell processes, scientists expanded their methods to include a variety of other fluids, specifically:

These substances provided the necessary nutrients for cells to survive and function in an artificial environment, serving as the foundation for later developments in cell biology and regenerative medicine.1