What traits are associated with low self-control theory?

In the field of criminology, the theory of low self-control—developed by Michael R. Gottfredson and Travis Hirschi—posits that individuals with low self-control are more likely to engage in criminal acts, which are defined as force or fraud pursued for self-interest.12

According to this theory, people who possess low self-control typically exhibit the following traits:

• Impulsivity: A tendency to act on immediate urges without considering long-term consequences.12
• Insensitivity: A lack of sensitivity toward the needs or feelings of others.12
• Physicality: A preference for physical activities over mental or cognitive tasks.12
• Risk-taking: A propensity to engage in risky behaviors.12
• Short-sightedness: An orientation toward the immediate present rather than long-term goals.12
• Nonverbal communication: A tendency to be nonverbal in their interactions.1

Advocates of this theory argue that these characteristics are primarily shaped by parental child-rearing practices. These traits generally stabilize by the age of eight and remain relatively consistent throughout an individual's life.12