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What range of frequencies can the human ear detect?

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The human ear can typically detect sound frequencies ranging from approximately 20 to 20,000 hertz (Hz).123

While this range represents the standard audible spectrum, it is important to note that human hearing sensitivity is not uniform across these frequencies. The ear is generally most sensitive to sounds between 500 and 10,000 Hz. Additionally, the ability to perceive the upper limit of this range often diminishes as a natural result of the aging process.1

Frequencies below 20 Hz are classified as infrasonics, while those above 20,000 Hz are known as ultrasonics. Although humans do not typically perceive these as tonal sounds, exposure to high-intensity infrasonic frequencies can cause physical discomfort and adverse physiological reactions.4