What happens when high-energy particle collisions create new subatomic particles?

When subatomic particles collide at high energies, the collision energy becomes available for the creation of new particles, such as mesons and hyperons. This process is a direct manifestation of the equivalence of mass and energy, as described by the equation $E=m{c}^2$.123

In these high-energy interactions, the total energy and momentum are conserved, even though the number and types of particles may change before and after the collision. When sufficient energy is available, it can materialize into new particle-antiparticle pairs, such as muons and antimuons or quarks and antiquarks. These newly created particles are often highly unstable and typically exist for only a fraction of a second before decaying into other particles.421

This phenomenon is fundamental to particle physics and is studied using particle accelerators, which allow scientists to observe these interactions and better understand the fundamental constituents of matter and the forces that govern them.15