What are the four series of the Silurian System?

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The Silurian System is divided into four rock series, which correspond to four distinct epochs of time:1

  • Llandovery Series: Spanning 443.8–433.4 million years ago, this series is further divided into the Rhuddanian, Aeronian, and Telychian stages.1
  • Wenlock Series: Spanning 433.4–427.4 million years ago, this series consists of the Sheinwoodian and Homerian stages.1
  • Ludlow Series: Spanning 427.4–423 million years ago, this series includes the Gorstian and Ludfordian stages.1
  • Pridoli Series: Spanning 423–419.2 million years ago, this is the final series of the Silurian System and has not been divided into stages.1