What are lupus erythematosus cells?

Lupus erythematosus (LE) cells are a specific type of white blood cell involved in the pathology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).1

These cells are identified as neutrophilic leukocytes—a type of phagocytic, or particle-engulfing, white blood cell—that have ingested a compound formed by antinuclear antibodies and components of cell nuclei. When these phagocytic cells become distended by this ingested antibody-nuclear material complex, they are recognized as characteristic LE cells.1

The discovery of the "lupus erythematosus cell factor" was a significant milestone in medical history, as it allowed for the detection of previously unrecognized or obscure forms of SLE. While these cells are a hallmark of the condition, the underlying mechanism involves the body producing autoantibodies against its own nuclear constituents, which then form immune complexes that deposit in tissues and cause inflammatory damage.12