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How many chromosomes are in a human sperm cell?

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Front view anatomical diagrams of the male and female reproductive systems, with labeled organs including penis, testis, prostate gland, uterus, ovary, and vagina. — human reproductive system Organs and structures of the male and female reproductive systems.

A human sperm cell contains 23 chromosomes.12

While most human body cells contain 46 chromosomes, sperm cells are haploid gametes produced through meiosis, a specialized form of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half. This ensures that when a sperm cell fertilizes an ovum—which also contains 23 chromosomes—the resulting zygote restores the full diploid count of 46 chromosomes.312