How long is the growing season above the tree line in temperate mountains?

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Mountain ecosystem Figure 1: Worldwide distribution of mountain lands.

In temperate mountains, the growing season above the tree line is relatively brief, lasting for approximately 100 days during the summer season. During this period, temperatures are high enough to support plant growth and may remain virtually frost-free even at night.1

In the alpine zone specifically, the entire growing season is often completed within about three months. This short window is a critical ecological factor, as plants must rapidly utilize stored food reserves to complete their growth and flowering cycles before the onset of winter, when temperatures remain below freezing and conditions become too harsh for plant development.21