How does water evaporated from the ocean become inland water on land?

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Water evaporated from the ocean becomes inland water through the global hydrologic cycle, a process driven by solar energy and gravity.31

The transformation occurs through the following steps:

  • Evaporation and Transport: More water evaporates from the ocean than is directly precipitated back into it. This water enters the atmosphere as invisible vapour, which is then carried over continental landmasses by wind.2134
  • Precipitation: As air masses move over land, they may cool—often by rising over mountains or interacting with cooler air—causing the water vapour to condense into clouds and fall as precipitation (rain, snow, or hail).345
  • Formation of Inland Waters: Once on land, this water becomes inland water. It may flow as runoff into lotic habitats (such as rivers and streams) or collect in lentic habitats (such as lakes and ponds). Additionally, some water infiltrates the soil to become groundwater, which is stored in aquifers and can later emerge in springs.32