How does vacuum filtration increase the rate of filtration?

Vacuum filtration increases the rate of filtration by applying a partial vacuum to the container below the filter medium. By reducing the pressure on the outlet side of the filter to a level below that of the atmosphere, a driving force is created that is significantly greater than that provided by gravity alone.1234

This increased pressure differential forces the fluid through the filter medium more rapidly, which is particularly useful when using filters with small pore sizes that would otherwise result in a slow filtration rate. In laboratory settings, this method is preferred for its safety and ease of use with standard glass equipment. In industrial applications, vacuum filtration is frequently employed for continuous processes, such as with rotary-drum filters, to efficiently handle large quantities of slurries.24