How does the ideal gas law connect pressure volume temperature and the amount of gas?

The ideal gas law is an equation of state that describes the relationship between the pressure (P), volume (V), absolute temperature (T), and the amount of gas (expressed as the number of moles, n).123

The law is expressed by the formula:
$$PV=nRT$$

In this equation, R represents the universal gas constant, which is approximately 8.314462 joules per mole-kelvin.12

This relationship serves as a generalization that incorporates both Boyle’s law—which relates pressure and volume at a constant temperature—and Charles’s law—which relates volume and temperature at a constant pressure. While the law assumes an ideal gas consisting of molecules in random motion with negligible volume and no intermolecular forces, it provides a close approximation for the behavior of real gases under conditions of high temperature and low pressure.132