How does the cervix connect the uterus and vagina?

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Front view anatomical diagrams of the male and female reproductive systems, with labeled organs including penis, testis, prostate gland, uterus, ovary, and vagina. — human reproductive system Organs and structures of the male and female reproductive systems.

The cervix serves as the lowest region of the uterus and acts as the physical connection between the uterine cavity and the vagina.1

It facilitates this connection through the endocervical canal, a passage that runs the length of the cervix. The structure is defined by two primary openings:1
* Internal os: The opening that connects the endocervical canal to the uterine cavity.1
* External os: The opening that connects the endocervical canal to the vaginal cavity.1

Measuring approximately 4 centimeters in length, the cervix projects about 2 centimeters into the upper vaginal cavity. This canal is essential for reproductive functions, as it transports sperm into the uterus, allows for the passage of menstrual blood, and provides protective mucus to the reproductive tract.1