How does heat capacity affect how quickly a substance changes temperature?

Heat capacity is the ratio of heat absorbed by a material to its resulting change in temperature. It acts as a constant of proportionality, meaning a substance with a higher heat capacity requires more energy to achieve the same temperature increase compared to a substance with a lower heat capacity.21

Essentially, the higher the heat capacity of a material, the more slowly its temperature will change when it absorbs or releases a given amount of energy. Conversely, materials with low heat capacity change temperature more rapidly when exposed to the same amount of heat.21

This relationship is expressed by the equation $d^{\prime }Q=ncdT$, where $d^{\prime }Q$ is the heat absorbed, $n$ is the amount of substance, and $c$ is the molar specific heat. Because heat absorption is path-dependent, specific heat values are often specified for either constant-pressure or constant-volume conditions.1