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How does healing differ from scar-forming repair after inflammation?

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Pathways of complement activation — inflammation The main function of complement proteins is to aid in the destruction of pathogens by piercing their outer membranes (cell lysis) or by making them more attractive to phagocytic cells such as macrophages (a process known as opsonization). Some complement components also promote inflammation by stimulating cells to release histamine and by attracting phagocytic cells to the site of infection.

Following an inflammatory response, the body attempts to restore tissue integrity through either regeneration or repair, depending on the extent of the damage and the regenerative capacity of the affected cells.12

Regeneration

Regeneration occurs when damaged cells are capable of proliferation, allowing the body to reconstruct the original tissue architecture. This process is most successful in tissues with simple structures, such as the skin, where cells can easily rebuild the site of injury.1

Scar-Forming Repair

Repair is the process initiated when tissue damage is substantial or when the original tissue architecture cannot be successfully regenerated. This process involves:1
* Granulation Tissue Formation: Endothelial cells create new blood vessels, while fibroblasts form a loose framework of connective tissue.1
* Collagen Deposition: Fibroblasts produce collagen to provide mechanical strength to the area.1
* Scar Formation: The final result is a scar composed of densely packed collagen.1

Unlike regeneration, which restores original function and structure, repair often results in a loss of volume and potential tissue distortion, as the scar tissue is less functional than the original healthy tissue.1