How does exposure to oxygen cause ethers to form explosive peroxides?

Ethers can form explosive peroxides through a process known as autoxidation, which is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air.1

When ethers are exposed to oxygen, they slowly react to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. These peroxides are inherently unstable; if the ether is heated or if the peroxide concentration becomes high—often through the evaporation of the solvent—these compounds may explode.1

To ensure safety and prevent the formation of these hazardous substances, it is essential to follow proper storage and handling practices:
* Obtain ethers in small quantities.1
* Keep them in tightly sealed containers to minimize exposure to air.1
* Use the chemicals promptly.1

It is a fundamental safety principle to treat stored ethers with caution, as the accumulation of peroxides over time poses a significant risk of explosion.1