How does conflict theory explain the influence of wealth and power on criminal law?

In the context of criminology, conflict theory posits that criminal law is not a neutral reflection of societal consensus but rather a tool used by those with wealth and power to advance their own self-interests.1

According to this perspective, the influence of power on the legal system manifests in two primary ways:

• Enactment and Enforcement: Powerful groups utilize their influence to shape the creation and application of laws to serve their specific interests. Because the law is designed to protect these interests, the wealthy and powerful are more likely to conform to it, as it inherently supports their status.1
• Avoidance of Incrimination: When individuals of high status do violate the law, they possess greater resources and social capital than those from lower economic classes, which allows them to more effectively avoid detection, prosecution, or conviction.1

Ultimately, conflict theory suggests that the legal system functions to maintain existing social hierarchies, often placing the burden of criminalization on those with less power and fewer resources.1