How does cartilage differ from other connective tissues?

Cartilage is a specialized form of connective tissue distinguished primarily by its unique physical properties and lack of vascularization. Unlike most other connective tissues, cartilage is avascular, meaning it contains no blood vessels, nerves, or lymphatic vessels. Instead, its cells—known as chondrocytes—receive necessary nutrients and gaseous metabolites through diffusion across its gel-like extracellular matrix.123

Structurally, cartilage is defined by an abundant ground substance with a firm, gelated consistency that provides both rigidity and resistance to compression. This composition allows the tissue to bear weight while maintaining greater flexibility than bone. While other connective tissues vary in composition, cartilage is specifically characterized by an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and proteoglycans, which enables it to cushion joints and support various soft structures throughout the body.312