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How does boron improve aluminum castings?

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A labeled diagram of the periodic table entry for boron shows its atomic number 5, symbol B, electron configuration, atomic weight range, and classification as a solid, weakly acidic, other nonmetal with a rhombohedral crystal structure at room temperature. — boron Properties of boron.

In the nonferrous-metals industry, boron is added to aluminum castings to refine the grain. By refining the grain structure, boron helps improve the mechanical properties and overall quality of the cast aluminum components.12