How does astronomy differ from astrology?

Although astronomy and astrology were once considered synonymous, they have evolved into distinct fields with fundamentally different approaches and objectives.12

Astronomy: A Scientific Discipline

Astronomy is a rigorous science that studies all extraterrestrial objects and phenomena, including stars, galaxies, and the solar system. It relies on observation, theoretical models, and the application of physical and chemical laws—often through astrophysics—to understand the universe. While it is primarily an observational science due to the vast distances involved, its theories are tested by their ability to incorporate known facts and make accurate predictions.2345

Astrology: A Pseudoscience

In contrast, astrology is widely classified as a pseudoscience. It is based on the belief that the positions and movements of celestial bodies correlate with or influence human behavior and events on Earth. Unlike astronomy, which seeks to understand the physical nature of the cosmos, astrology functions as a method of divination or interpretation, lacking the empirical, experimental foundation required of modern science.2671