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How do the fallopian tubes transport an egg to the uterus?
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human reproductive system
Organs and structures of the male and female reproductive systems.
The fallopian tubes transport an egg from the ovary to the uterus through a combination of mechanical and physiological processes.
During ovulation, the fimbriae—fingerlike projections at the end of the infundibulum—contract close to the ovary's surface to capture the released egg. Once inside the tube, the egg is moved toward the uterine cavity over the course of three to four days. This transport is facilitated by three primary mechanisms:1
- Ciliary action: The mucous membrane lining the tube contains cells with fine, hairlike structures called cilia, which sway to help propel the egg.12
- Muscular contractions: Rhythmic, peristaltic waves of the tube's smooth muscle layers work in tandem with the cilia to move the egg.12
- Secretory fluids: The lining of the tube produces secretions that provide a supportive environment and assist in the transport process.12
If the tubes are damaged or blocked, this transport can be disrupted, potentially leading to infertility or ectopic pregnancy.12