How do organisms survive dry periods in temporary inland waters?

Organisms in temporary inland waters survive dry periods through various adaptations that allow them to enter a state of dormancy until favorable conditions return. These survival strategies include:12

• Encystment and Protective Structures: Many invertebrates and microorganisms form resistant structures to survive desiccation. Freshwater sponges produce gemmules, while bryozoans develop statoblasts protected by hard shells. Rotifers produce thick-walled, dormant eggs that can withstand drought and be dispersed by wind.3
• Behavioral Adaptations: Some animals actively avoid dehydration. Mollusks like land snails seal their shells with a mucus-and-lime epiphragm, while slugs burrow into the ground. Lungfishes and certain amphibians burrow into mud and secrete protective mucus cocoons.34
• Diapause and Life Cycle Adjustment: Many insects and crustaceans undergo diapause, a period of suspended development triggered by environmental cues. Some species, such as "annual fishes" and water fleas (Daphnia), time their reproduction so that fertilized eggs are deposited in the mud before the water disappears, remaining in a state of suspended development until the next rainy season.567