How do hydrology, oceanography, limnology, and glaciology study different parts of Earth's water system?

In the context of hydrologic sciences, these four disciplines study Earth's water system by focusing on distinct reservoirs and physical states, all linked by the hydrologic cycle:

• Hydrology: Primarily focuses on water near Earth’s land surface, including precipitation, evapotranspiration, runoff, and groundwater.12
• Oceanography: Dedicated to the study of water in the oceans and seas, which contain the vast majority of the planet's water.23
• Limnology: The scientific study of bodies of fresh water, specifically lakes and inland seas.24
• Glaciology: Examines ice on Earth's land surface, including the formation, movement, and physical characteristics of glaciers and ice sheets.256

While these fields have distinct areas of focus, they overlap significantly, as all are interconnected through the continuous movement of water between reservoirs driven by solar energy.23