How do globular clusters survive longer than open clusters?

Globular clusters survive significantly longer than open clusters primarily due to their immense mass and strong gravitational binding.

While open clusters are characterized by their small total mass—often on the order of 50 solar masses—and a relatively loose structure, globular clusters are much more massive, ranging from a few thousand to over one million solar masses. This high mass allows globular clusters to remain strongly gravitationally bound, enabling them to withstand the disruptive tidal forces of the Galaxy.123

In contrast, open clusters lack sufficient gravitational binding to resist these same tidal effects. Consequently, most open clusters are short-lived; only about 2 percent have life expectancies reaching 1 billion years, and many disperse within 200 million years. Globular clusters, however, have remained relatively unchanged for billions of years, with ages typically ranging from 11 billion to 13 billion years. Their structure, often described as resembling isothermal gas spheres, is effectively maintained against external influences by their high degree of central concentration.1324