How do frogfishes use colorful lures to attract prey?

Frogfishes, which belong to the anglerfish group, utilize a specialized biological adaptation to capture food. They possess a modified first dorsal fin spine that functions as a fishing pole, which is tipped with a fleshy, often colorful "bait" or lure located on the snout.12

By dangling this lure, the frogfish entices unsuspecting prey to approach within striking distance. Once the prey is close enough, the frogfish uses its large mouth to engulf the target. While some deep-sea anglerfishes use bioluminescent lures to attract prey in the darkness of the ocean, the lures of many frogfishes rely on their physical appearance and movement to mimic potential food sources for other fishes, a strategy known as aggressive mimicry. Additionally, frogfishes themselves often exhibit coloration and patterns that allow them to blend into their surroundings, helping them remain concealed while they wait for prey to be drawn to their lure.132