How do Medicare Parts B, C, and D differ from one another?

Medicare Parts B, C, and D serve distinct roles within the U.S. federal health insurance program:

• Medicare Part B is part of "Original Medicare," administered by the federal government. It covers outpatient services, including doctor visits, physical therapy, durable medical equipment, and many preventive services like screenings and vaccines. Beneficiaries pay a monthly premium, which can be higher for those with higher incomes.12

• Medicare Part C, commonly known as Medicare Advantage, is an alternative to Original Medicare offered by private insurance companies. These plans bundle Part A (hospitalization) and Part B (medical insurance) into a single policy and often include additional benefits like dental, vision, and hearing coverage. Many Part C plans also incorporate prescription drug coverage.314

• Medicare Part D is an optional, government-sponsored program operated by private insurers that specifically helps cover the cost of prescription drugs. You can add a stand-alone Part D plan to Original Medicare or choose a Medicare Advantage plan that includes drug coverage.21