How did the Gelasian Stage become the first stage of the Pleistocene Epoch?
The Gelasian Stage became the first stage of the Pleistocene Epoch following a 2009 ratification by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS), which accepted a proposal from the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) to redefine the base of the epoch.12
Previously, the Gelasian was considered the final stage of the Pliocene Series, and the Pleistocene was demarcated by the base of the Calabrian Stage. However, many geologists argued that the base of the Pleistocene should be moved to an earlier time to better align with evidence of Cenozoic glaciation and regional climate changes, such as those observed in Chinese loess deposits.12
The new boundary was established at the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) at Monte San Nicola near Gela, Sicily. This marker is dated to 2,588,000 years ago, placing it within 20,000 years of the Gauss-Matuyama geomagnetic reversal, which allows for more effective global correlation.12