How did scientists grow an entire carrot plant from a single mature cell?

Scientists have successfully grown an entire carrot plant from a single mature cell by utilizing the principle of totipotency, which is the capacity of a cell to develop into a complete organism or differentiate into any of its specialized tissues.1

This process is achieved by isolating a single cell from an adult carrot plant and providing it with the appropriate conditions to undergo morphogenesis—the biological process that causes an organism to develop its shape and structures. The success of this experiment provides striking evidence that a single cell from a mature plant retains all the necessary genetic information required to produce an entire plant, including its roots, stems, and leaves.2

This technique of growing plants from isolated parts has become a valuable tool for researchers studying embryonic growth, the nature of cellular differentiation, and the mechanisms of regeneration in plants.2