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How can hepatitis B be transmitted through blood as well as sexual contact?
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sexually transmitted disease
Scanning electron micrograph of the spirochete Treponema pallidum attached to testicular cell membranes.
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is present in the blood, semen, and vaginal fluids of infected individuals. Transmission occurs through direct contact with these infectious bodily fluids.12
Because the virus is carried in these fluids, it can be transmitted in several ways:
- Blood contact: This occurs through activities such as sharing needles or syringes, particularly among intravenous drug users, or through occupational exposure in healthcare settings.123
- Sexual contact: The virus can be transmitted during sexual activity through contact with infected semen or vaginal fluids.12
It is important to note that HBV is not spread through casual contact, such as kissing, coughing, sneezing, or sharing eating utensils, nor is it transmitted through food or water. Vaccination is a highly effective method for preventing infection.12