How are nickel-cadmium rechargeable batteries constructed?

Nickel-cadmium (NiCd) rechargeable batteries are constructed as alkaline storage systems that utilize a nickel-based cathode and a cadmium-based anode.12

In their design, these batteries often feature "jelly roll" electrodes, a configuration that allows the cells to deliver exceptionally high currents efficiently. The system operates using a caustic potash electrolyte. These sealed cells are valued for their ability to be rapidly recharged hundreds of times and their tolerance for conditions such as overcharging or overdischarging.32

While they are a common choice for portable appliances, they are heavier and have a more limited energy density compared to some other battery types. Larger versions of these batteries are frequently employed in high-reliability applications, such as emergency power systems and starting aircraft engines.3