How are long-chain alcohols obtained from fats and waxes?

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Long-chain alcohols can be obtained from fats and waxes through a two-step chemical process.1

First, the material undergoes hydrolysis in the presence of a base, a process known as saponification. This reaction breaks down the esters found in fats and waxes. Following this, the resulting products are subjected to reduction to yield the desired long-chain alcohols.12