Luxor, part of ancient Thebes, was the capital of the Egyptian empire during its height. King Amenhotep III commissioned the Temple of Luxor to honor Amon, Mut, and Khons. The city’s political importance declined over time, but the area around the temple and court in Luxor remained popular. A Roman legion had its headquarters inside the 18th-dynasty temple, and Coptic churches were built around the temple and in the Ramesside court. In the Fatimid period (909–1171), a mosque was built over the foundations of the church in the court; the mosque was dedicated to Sheikh Yūsuf al-Ḥaggāg, a local saint who is reputed to have introduced Islam to Luxor.
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