St. Gregory VII, originally named Hildebrand, was the pope, the leader of the Roman Catholic Church from 1073 to 1085. One of the greatest popes of the medieval church, he lent his name to the 11th-century movement now known as the Gregorian Reform or the Investiture Controversy. Gregory VII was the first pope to depose a crowned ruler, Emperor Henry IV, a significant act of asserting papal authority over secular rulers.
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