Periyar, born Erode Venkatappa Ramasamy Naicker, was an Indian social reformer and politician from what is now Tamil Nadu state who criticized the caste system, religious orthodoxy, and patriarchy. He led the Self-Respect Movement, a campaign that promoted dignity and equality for marginalized communities, and founded the Dravidar Kazhagam, which advocated for Dravidian rights and identity.
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