Elijah Muhammad was the leader of the Nation of Islam, a Black separatist religious movement in the United States, from 1934 until his death in 1975. Muhammad was born Elijah Poole, the son of sharecroppers and formerly enslaved people. He preached the superiority of the Black race to a generation of Black Americans facing segregation and inequality. Muhammad was influential and controversial; his followers included Malcolm X and Muhammad Ali.
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