Mohammad Khatami is most remembered as a reformist. Although a cleric, he sought to moderate the country’s policies on social issues and foreign affairs after the earlier existential threat of the Iran-Iraq War (1980–88) had long subsided. During his presidency, supreme leader Ali Khamenei and conservatives in the Majles (parliament) thwarted his efforts to reform. Many of his supporters and appointees were prosecuted and harassed. His efforts to improve U.S.-Iran relations were also hindered by domestic opponents.
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