The British colonial authorities responded to the Mau Mau Rebellion by declaring a state of emergency in 1952 and conducting military operations against the Mau Mau rebels, which were largely concluded by the end of 1956. However, the state of emergency was not lifted until 1960. British counterinsurgency measures during 1952–60 included mass detention, forced resettlement, and coercive efforts to suppress nationalist activity.
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