What is Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla known for?

After the French invasion of Spain in 1808, many Mexicans formed secret societies—some supporting the Spanish government, others advocating independence from Spain. Hidalgo joined a pro-independence group near Dolores, Mexico. On September 16, 1810—the date now celebrated as Mexican Independence Day—Hidalgo issued the “Grito de Dolores” (“Cry of Dolores”), calling for the end of Spanish rule, for racial equality, and for redistribution of land. The speech effectively launched the Mexican War of Independence (1810–21).