Herman Melville (1819–91) was briefly famous in his lifetime as the writer of adventure novels such as Typee (1846) and Omoo (1847). Beginning in the early 20th century, Melville’s works, including the novel Moby Dick (1851), the short story “Bartleby the Scrivener” (1853), and the unfinished novel Billy Budd (written in 1891 and published in 1924), rose in critical esteem, and he was eventually considered to be one of the great American writers.
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