American essayist, poet, and practical philosopher Henry David Thoreau (1817–62) is renowned for having lived the doctrines of Transcendentalism as recorded in his masterwork, Walden (1854), a record of his experiment in simple living on the northern shore of Walden Pond in eastern Massachusetts. He was also an advocate of civil liberties, as evidenced in his essay “Civil Disobedience” (1849), and an important figure in the development of American nature writing.
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