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What historical events led to the two-state solution proposal?

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The two-state solution came out of the need for a peaceful solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, in which Jewish and Arab inhabitants of historical Palestine were competing for self-determination on the same land. During the first intifada (1987–93), Yasser Arafat of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) announced the PLO’s acceptance of past United Nations resolutions calling for the land’s partitioning into two states. Meanwhile, Yitzhak Rabin, who as defense minister attempted to suppress the intifada, concluded that the determination of the Palestinians during the intifada showed that peace was not possible without recognizing and negotiating with the Palestinians. Arafat and Rabin led efforts to formalize the two-state solution in the Oslo Accords in the early 1990s.