Air pollution can lead to a range of health problems, primarily affecting the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Exposure to pollutants like sulfur dioxide and particulate matter can cause inflammation and irritation of the airways, leading to conditions such as chronic bronchitis and exacerbating asthma symptoms. Fine particulates, especially those less than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) in diameter, can be inhaled deep into the lungs, potentially causing lung cancer and contributing to irregular heartbeat, heart attack, and stroke. Additionally, carbon monoxide can worsen symptoms of heart disease and impair cognitive functions. Children and the elderly are particularly vulnerable to these effects.
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