During Saddam Hussein’s rule, the procession to Karbala, Iraq, for Arbaeen was largely prohibited. The restriction on Arbaeen followed Saddam’s general suppression of the Shiʿah in Iraq, who make up the majority of Iraq’s population but are concentrated geographically in the southeastern portion of the country. In 2003, shortly after Saddam was deposed, about two million pilgrims gathered for Arbaeen.
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