Eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells in their greater complexity and internal organization. Eukaryotes have a membrane-bound nucleus that contains their DNA and possess other membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, which compartmentalize cellular processes. In contrast, prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, having their genetic material instead located in a nucleoid region. As a result, eukaryotic cells are generally larger and more complex, with more regulated cellular functions, while prokaryotic cells are smaller, simpler, and typically reproduce more rapidly.
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